Ratchet-drill.



PATBNTEDJAILZL 1'90'8. J. B. BLAGKWELL.

RATCHBT DRILL.

oAPPLIOA'I'ION FILED JULY s, 190s.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

JOHN B. BLAOKWELL, OF DARLINGTON, SOUTH CAROLINA.

RA'rcHEi'r-DRILL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 21, 1908.

Applicatonliled July 6, 1906. Serial No. 324,929.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN B. BLACKWELL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Darlington, in the county of Darlington andv State of SouthCarolina, have invented a new and useful Ratchet-Drill; and I do herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to ratchet drills, and it has for its objects tosimplify and irnprove the construction and operation of this class ofdevices. i

lVith these and other ends in view which will readily appear as thenature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in theimproved construction and novel arrangement and combination ofpartswhich will be hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointedout in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings has been illustrated a simple and preferredform of the invention it being, however, understood that no limitationis necessarily made to the precise structural details therein exhibited,but that changes, alterations and modifications within the scope of theinvention may be resorted to, when desired.

In the drawings z-Figure l-is a side elevation, of a ratchet drillconstructed in accordance with the principles of the invention. Fig.2-is a horizontal sectional view, taken on the plane indicated by theline 2-2 in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view; Fig. 4 is adetalil plan view of the operating handle and paw Corresponding parts inthe several figures are designated by like characters of reference.

The frame, F, of the improved drill is cruciform, consisting of avertical portion or stem, 1, having laterally extending arms, 2, 2. Thestem is cored and drilled longitudinally to afford a bearing for the bitshaft, 3; the lateral arms 2, 2 have reduced extensions, 4, formingbearings upon which bevel gears, 5, are mounted for rotation; theextremities of the extensions 4 being externally screwthreaded, as shownat 6, for the reception of jam-nuts, 7, 8, and washers, 9, that serve toretain the bevel gears upon the bearings. `The proximate faces of thebevel gears and of the inner jam nuts 7 are formed with ball races,

.for the reception of anti-friction balls, 10.

The bit shaft 3, which extends through the bearing formed for itsreception in the vertical portion or stem of the frame, is provided atits lower end with a recess or socket, 11, in which the shank or tang ofa bit may be secured by means of a set-screw, 12; or, if preferred, abit socket, as 13, of ordinary chuck construction may be mounted in therecess 11. The bit shaft carries near its lower end a bevel gear, 14,meshing with the bevel gears 5, 5, and between the hub of the bevel gear14 and the lower extremity of the stern 1 of the frame there are placedanti friction balls, 15. The bit shaft carries near its upper end abevel gear, 16, which meshes with the bevel gears 5, 5; the upperextremity of the bit shaft is threaded, as shown at 17, for thereception of the screw case, 18, between the lower extremity of whichand the hub of the bevel gear 16 jam nuts, 19, 20, a washer, 21, andanti friction balls, 22, are interposed, the bevel gear 16 being thussupported upon the bit shaft in such a manner as to rotate freelythereupon. The bevel gear 14 is firmly secured upon the bit shaft, as bymeans of a set screw, 23.

The feed screw, 24, which operates in the screw case 18, is providedwith a hand wheel, 25, whereby it may be conveniently operated, and theupper extremity of said feed screw has a conicalbearing point, 26,enabling the device to be operated in connection with a drill supportofordinary construction.

A handle, 27, is provided said handle being provided with terminaldivergent straps, 28, 29, having eyes or apertures journaled eitherdirect upon the bit shaft, adjacent to the bevel gears 14 and 16, orupon the hubs of said wheels, as shown in the drawings. The bevel gearsare provided with peripheral cogs or teeth, 30, and upon the handlestraps 28, 29 there are pivoted reversible, spring actuated pawls, 31,adapted to engage the peripheral teeth of the bevel gears to eect therotation of the bit shaft in opposite directions; it being readilyunderstood that when the operating handle is reciprocated, said pawlswill exercise a pushing action in opposite directions. It will also beseen that by reversing the position of the pawls, the direction ofrotation of the bit shaft will be reversed.

For the purpose of assisting in holding the device steady duringoperation, a handle, 32, is provided, said handle being screwed onto thethreaded extremity of the extension 4 of one of the frame arms 2; a cap,33, is threaded onto the extremity of the opposite frame arm, as shown.Said handle and cap also assist in securely assembling the parts, andimpart a neat and finished appearance to the device.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the drawingshereto annexed, the operation and advantages of this invention Will bereadily understood by those skilled in the art to which it pertains. Thegeneral construction is simple and `inexpensive; the parts may bereadily7 assembled for use, and the arrangement of ball bearings is suchthat the Working parts Will be largely relieved from friction, and,hence, the device may be used With easeand efficiency.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to securefbyLetters Patent of the United States A In a device as speciiied, ythecombination of a cruoiform frame consisting of integral lateral andvertically extending arms and provided With a vertically disposed bore,of a bit shaft journaled therein, a gear having ratchet teeth looselymounted upon the upper portion ,of said shaft, another gear fixed to thelower portion of sadshaft and also provided .With ratchet teeth disposedopposite to the ratchet teeth of the upper gear, a horizontallyoperating forked lever provided With oppositely operating s ringactuated paWls to co-act With the rato et teeth, a gear journaled uponone of the lateral arms and a handle extending from the other laterallydisposed arm as specified.

In testimony Whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of tWo subscribing Witnesses.

JOHN B. BLACKWELL.

